Analysis of the Implementation of Criminal Sanctions for Employer Non-Compliance in Paying Contributions BPJS Health

Authors

  • Akhril Frambuniman Suhilman Universitas Brawijaya
  • Abdul Rachmad Budiono Universitas Brawijaya
  • Budi Santoso Universitas Brawijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v6i1.1155

Keywords:

Social security; BPJS Health Insurance Premiums; Criminal Sanctions

Abstract

Health insurance is implemented with the aim of ensuring that participants receive health care benefits and protection to meet their basic health needs. However, many companies still violate Article 19 (1) or (2) of the BPJS Law, which states that companies have not complied with collecting, paying, and depositing premiums that are the responsibility of employees from their company to the Social Security Agency for Health (BPJS Kesehatan), resulting in many companies defaulting on BPJS Kesehatan insurance premiums and directly harming their employees who cannot utilize health insurance when they need health services. This study aims to analyze the application of criminal sanctions for companies non-compliance with BPJS Kesehatan insurance premium payments. The research method used is socio-legal empirical research. Employees who have not registered as BPJS participants and have never paid premiums cannot be categorized as participants. There are three conditions that lead to the imposition of criminal sanctions under Article 55 of the BPJS Law: (1) the company does not collect premiums that should be covered by the employees themselves; (2) the company have collected premiums that should be covered by employees, but the company didn’t deposit them to BPJS; (3) company do not pay and deposit premiums that are their responsibility to BPJS.

References

Andi Nimah Sulfiani. (2021). Good Governance Penerapan Prinsip-Prinsip Good Governance dalam Pelayanan BPJS Kesehatan Di Kota Palopo. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 17(1), 95–116. https://doi.org/10.52316/jap.v17i1.59

Arianto, H., Alda, L. S., Olivia, F., & Roespinoedji, D. (2021). The Role Of Bpjs Officers In Cengkareng Hospital (A Study Based On Bpjs Law Perspective). Rigeo, 11(6). https://jurnal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/sosak/article/view/223

Arifa, A. F. C. (2018). PENGARUH INFORMASI PELAYANAN PROLANIS DAN KESESUAIAN WAKTU TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN PROLANIS DI PUSAT LAYANAN KESEHATAN UNAIR. Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia, 6(2), 95. https://doi.org/10.20473/jaki.v6i2.2018.95-102

Dewi, R., & Israhadi, E. (2021). Legal Aspects of BPJS as National Health Insurance. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Law, Social Science, Economics, and Education, ICLSSEE 2021, March 6th 2021, Jakarta, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.6-3-2021.2306412

Ernawati, N. L. A. K., & Manuaba, I. B. G. F. (2024). Legal Aspects of Cooperation Agreement in Health Insurance Between Hospitals and BPJS. Jurnal Health Sains, 5(2), 107–112.

Erviani, R. (2022). Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Pemberlakuan Denda Layanan Peserta Bukan Penerima Upah/Mandiri Pada Bpjs Kesehatan Kantor Cabang Palopo. Institut agama islam Negeri (IAIN Palopo).

Fajarwati, D., Efrila, E., & Makbul, A. (2024). Analisis Yuridis Penegakan Hukum atas Kecurangan (Fraud) Fasilitas Kesehatan Terhadap Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional dalam Pelayanan Medis. Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika ISSN 2721-4796 (Online), 5(2), 899–912. https://doi.org/10.36312/jcm.v5i2.3788

Hasan, M. (2019). Analisis strategik program jaminan sosial BPJS Ketenagakerjaan untuk tenagakerja Bukan Penerima Upah (BPU)(studi kasus BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Cabang Jember). Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember.

Hutagaol, T. L. S., & Sihombing, A. (2021). Tanggung Jawab Pemberi Kerja Terhadap Pekerja yang Mengalami Kecelakaan Kerja Berdasarkan Peraturan BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. Law Pro Justitia, 6(1), 34–53.

INDRAWATI, E. (2024). PENERAPAN SISTEM AKAD DAN PRAKTIK PENGELOLAAN DANA BPJS KESEHATAN PADA PEKERJA BUKAN PENERIMA UPAH PERSPEKTIF FATWA DSN-MUI NO: 98/DSN-MUI/XII/2015 (Studi Kasus di BPJS Kesehatan Kantor Cabang Jember).

LUFITA, K. (2024). PEMENUHAN HAK TERHADAP PESERTA BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN SOSIAL (BPJS) KESEHATAN OLEH RUMAH SAKIT AMANDA KABUPATEN BEKASI.

Mentari, W. D. (2024). Kajian Sistem Jaminan Kesehatan Berdasarkan Kemampuan dan Kemauan Membayar. Penerbit NEM.

Muammar Dzachwani, Deasy Rosmala Dewi, Puteri Fannya, & Laela Indawati. (2022). Tinjauan Kelengkapan Pengisian Resume Medis Berdasarkan Elemen Penilaian Akreditasi SNARS 1.1 di RSUD Kembangan. Indonesian Journal of Health Information Management, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.54877/ijhim.v2i1.37

Mustikawati, I. F., Sulaeman, E. S., & Subijanto, A. A. (2022). Health Justice in BPJS Services. Migration Letters, 20(8), 741–750.

Naim, M. (2021). Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan BPJS Kesehatan Kota Parepare. DECISION: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 2(2), 288–296.

Nofriyenti, N., Syah, N. A., & Akbar, A. (2019). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemenuhan Indikator Angka Kontak Komunikasi dan Rasio Peserta Prolanis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 8(2), 315. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v8i2.1007

Novitasari, M. D., & Aminah, S. (2023). Optimalisasi Sosialisasi Manfaat Program BPJS Ketenagakerjaan untuk Meningkatkan Brand Knowledge kepada Pelajar dan Mahasiswa Kota Surabaya. JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA, 2(2), 128–139. https://doi.org/10.55606/jpmi.v2i2.1919

Nuraeni, Y. (2023). Legal Protection Of Health Bpjs Accountability Regarding Hospital Refuse For BPJS Program Participants. Jurnal Sosial Sains Dan Komunikasi, 1(02), 85–92.

Nurpaliza Nurpaliza, Edy Akhyari, & Okparizan Okparizan. (2023). Implementasi Kebijakan Program Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan Di Kecamatan Durai Kabupaten Karimun. Mandub : Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum Dan Humaniora, 1(3), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.59059/mandub.v1i3.317

Prasja, T. R., Suriaatmadja, T. T., & Syafrinaldi, S. (2023). Kedudukan Dan Pemenuhan Unsur Asuransi Pada BPJS Kesehatan Perspektif Teori Kepastian Hukum. Jurnal Hukum Magnum Opus, 6(2), 166–182.

Probowati, D. P., Arimbi, D., Prastopo, P., & Edwin, E. (2024). Penguatan Regulasi dalam Pencegahan Kecurangan (Fraud) pada Progam Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional: Perspektif Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC). Indonesian Research Journal on Education, 4(4), 3262–3268. https://doi.org/10.31004/irje.v4i4.1386

Putri, K. K., & Koto, I. (2024). Akibat Hukum Terhadap Perusahaan Terhadap Tunggakan Jaminan Sosial BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. EduYustisia, 3(2), 16–20.

Quintarti, M. A. L., Silapurna, E. L., Hak, D. A., Purwoto, A., & Supriadi, B. (2025). Legal Implications of Health Service Denial for BPJS Patients: A Study on the Principles of Universal Health Coverage. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 7(1), 271–276.

Rahim, A., Fajriah, S. A., Diniah, S., Sabilah, V. I., & Suryadi, S. (2023). Implementasi Pengawasan Bagi Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan Ditinjau dari Hukum Administrasi Negara. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(8), 5795–5800. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i8.2573

Rahmah, D. A. A. (2022). Sistem Pengelolaan yang Diterapkan pada Program Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan dalam Hukum Islam. Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 5(1), 1–12.

Ramadhani, A. N. A., Aspan, Z., & Hasrul, M. (2021). Legal Protection for unregistered citizen at Healthcare and Social Security Agency (BPJS). Jurnal Hukum Volkgeist, 6(1), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.35326/volkgeist.v6i1.1548

Ritonga, A. M., Manurung, S. S., Marito, E., & Manurung, J. S. (2024). Legal Protection Of The Rights Of BPJS Kesehatan Patients In Orchid Rooms In Imelda Pekerja Indonesia General Hospital In 2023. Jurnal Media Informatika, 5(2), 238–241.

Rombot, K. M. (2024). PEMBATASAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN OLEH BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN SOSIAL (BPJS) KESEHATAN. LEX PRIVATUM, 14(3).

Salangka, A. R. (2023). Pengawasan Bagi Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (Bpjs) Kesehatan Dilihat Dari Hukum Administrasi Negara. Lex Privatum, 12(3).

Saputro, N. S., & KEBUDAYAAN, R. D. A. N. T. (2022). Implementasi Penegakan Sanksi Pidana Perusahaan Menunggak Iuran BPJS Ketenagakerjaan.

Sembiring, A., Satria, B., & Sidi, R. (2023). Effectiveness and Legal Protection in Health Services in Public Hospitals For BPJS Health Participants Sembiring Deli Tua Public Hospital Study. Journal of General Education Science, 33–38.

Sufriyana, H., Wu, Y.-W., & Su, E. C.-Y. (2020). Artificial intelligence-assisted prediction of preeclampsia: Development and external validation of a nationwide health insurance dataset of the BPJS Kesehatan in Indonesia. EBioMedicine, 54, 102710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102710

Suprayitno, S. A., & Wardhana, M. (2024). PENGATURAN TARIF BPJS KETENAGAKERJAAN DALAM HAL PEKERJA SELAIN PENYELENGGARA NEGARA YANG MENDAPATKAN UPAH DI BAWAH UPAH MINIMUM KABUPATEN/KOTA. NOVUM: JURNAL HUKUM, 171–181. https://doi.org/10.2674/novum.v0i0.61660

Wijayanti, R., Santoso, E., & Fakhriah, E. L. (2024). LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE HEALTH SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATING AGENCY (BPJS) FOR FAILURES OF PARTICIPANTS PERSONAL DATA. International Journal of Asia Pasific Collaboration, 2(2), 7–12. https://ijapcollaboration.com/index.php/IJAPC/article/view/34

Downloads

Published

2025-06-24

How to Cite

Suhilman, A. F., Budiono, A. R. ., & Santoso, B. . (2025). Analysis of the Implementation of Criminal Sanctions for Employer Non-Compliance in Paying Contributions BPJS Health. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 6(1), 998 - 1012. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v6i1.1155